Improving Ethereum’s Proof of Stake: Challenges After the Merge 🎯
Ethereum’s move to Proof of Stake (#PoS ) after the Merge was a major success, but there are still some areas to improve. Key challenges include making blocks finalize faster and lowering the amount of ETH needed to become a validator (from 32 ETH to 1 ETH). While the Merge improved the network, balancing fast block finality with keeping the system secure remains tricky.
Here are the main ideas being explored:
1. Using signature aggregation (e.g., ZK-SNARKs) to handle the large number of validator signatures more efficiently.
2. Orbit committees, where a random group of validators is chosen to finalize blocks while keeping the network secure.
3. Two-tier #staking , which would allow people with smaller deposits to participate in validation without harming the system.
Other improvements include making it harder to know who will propose the next block and reducing the time for transactions to be confirmed. Ethereum also aims to strengthen #security and protect against potential attacks.
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